随着联合国2030年可持续发展议程期限临近，全球发展进入关键转折期。气候变化、生物多样性丧失、公共卫生风险、人工智能治理等挑战相互交织，地缘政治变化、科研资源分布不均及新兴技术伦理问题，也在重塑国际科学合作环境。2030年之后，如何让科学服务全人类、维护科研诚信与公众信任，让不同国家和地区平等参与全球科学议程？  

2026年10月，来自世界各地的科学家、科技组织负责人、政策制定者及相关领域代表齐聚北京，参加国际科学理事会（ISC）中期会员大会暨北京科学对话。会议讨论与交流形成的《北京科学宣言》，围绕开放科学、负责任的人工智能、科学与社会信任及2030年之后全球科学议程提出共同认识与倡议，推动科技界为服务人类共同福祉采取共同行动。

一份跨越代际与文明的全球共识

宣言的分量，既在于内容，也在于它凝聚的声音。作为全球唯一同时涵盖自然科学与社会科学的综合性国际科技组织，国际科学理事会拥有由266个成员组织构成、覆盖123个国家和地区的全球网络，为汇聚不同学科、文明背景和发展阶段国家的观点提供广泛基础。  

《北京科学宣言》的共识建立在这一网络之上。老一代科学家的经验与青年一代的远见相互激荡，发达国家的前沿关切与发展中国家的能力建设诉求彼此呼应。宣言尊重科研条件、社会需求和治理理念的差异，为不同声音保留表达空间，在交流中凝聚共同立场。  

宣言从全球科学体系出发，回应知识如何创造、科研资源如何公平高效共享、成果如何惠及社会等问题。科学进步既需要创新能力，也需要开放的合作网络、可信的科研体系，以及持续回应社会需求的制度和文化环境。

三个关键命题 回应全球科学发展的现实挑战

首先，将科学作为全球公共产品，维护开放合作的科学体系。宣言强调，科学是全人类共同的知识财富和应对全球挑战的重要基础设施。面对地缘政治变化、资源和能力分布不均及合作壁垒，国际科学共同体应加强跨国、跨学科合作，推动知识、数据、科研基础设施和科学资源公平、开放、有效共享，尤其支持发展中国家和科学能力相对薄弱地区提升科研能力。  

科学合作的价值，不仅体现为论文和技术突破，也在于知识能否跨越地域与机构边界、科研能力能否提升、更多国家和群体能否受益。开放合作应在维护科学自由、恪守科研诚信、保障各方合理权益的基础上，协同应对气候变化、公共卫生、粮食安全和能源转型等全球性问题。  

其次，以负责任的人工智能，建设可信的未来科学体系。人工智能正拓展科学探索边界，也带来科研诚信、数据治理、成果可验证性和责任认定等问题。宣言提出，人工智能的发展与应用必须以造福人类、促进可持续发展和维护公共利益为导向，明确科研活动中的使用边界、责任主体和伦理要求，维护研究的真实性、可重复性、可验证性与可追溯性。  

人工智能治理需要科学家、工程师、伦理学家、社会科学家、政策制定者、产业界和公众共同参与，共同探索适应技术发展的科研规范和治理机制。应通过知识开源、跨国人才培养和能力建设，防止科学能力差距扩大，推动人工智能服务气候变化应对、公共卫生和灾害预警等公共需求。  

再次，重建科学与社会的信任，让公众理解、参与并受益于科学。虚假信息和错误信息的传播，给公众信任带来挑战。宣言重申，人人都有参与科学并从科学进步中受益的权利。科学传播应加强与公众持续、平等、双向的交流，听取青年、儿童、教育工作者、社区及弱势群体的意见，使科学成为社会共同参与的事业。  

信任还需要科研诚信支撑。科学共同体应主动说明证据的局限与不确定性，区分科学事实、科学判断和价值选择，以透明、开放、负责任的方式参与公共决策。科学传播与公众参与，是科学公共价值的重要组成部分。

从北京出发，全球科技界携手奔赴

宣言的另一层价值，在于将上述思考与2030年之后的全球发展议题相衔接，倡议国际科学共同体参与全球科学议程的设计、实施、评估和调整。从识别问题、设计方案到评估效果，科学应前置介入、全程参与，在全球议程设置和国际公共政策制定中发挥系统、持续和制度化的作用。  

中国为这一全球共识提供对话平台、促进观点交流，也为国际科学界分享中国在基础研究、科技创新和科学普及等领域的实践经验创造条件。  

基础研究是整个科学体系的源头，是所有技术问题的总机关，是全球科技竞争的前沿阵地。新一轮科技革命和产业变革加速突破，原创性颠覆性创新日益重要，重大科学突破需要长期稳定积累、多学科交叉融合和跨国科研协作。  

从北京出发，全球讨论仍将持续。宣言承载着科学界对开放、合作、自由、责任与诚信的共同追求。让共识转化为持续行动，使开放合作与科研责任相互支撑，让科学进步更公平地惠及不同国家和地区、更好服务全人类共同未来，正是《北京科学宣言》的意义所在。

北京科学宣言

复杂世界中的科学——科学创造更美好的未来

2026年10月，中国北京

我们，来自世界各地的科学家、科学组织负责人、政府代表、青年网络和其他各方代表，齐聚北京科学对话，

重申人人享有参与科学的权利，重视公平的知识生产与科学知识获取渠道，以及科学进步应当不加歧视地惠及大众；

意识到科学是社会不可分割的组成部分，错误信息和误导信息会侵蚀公众信任，削弱科学证据在公共决策中的运用；

重申科学是人类认识世界、增进人类与地球共同福祉、应对全球挑战的共同事业，科学惠益是由全人类共享的公共产品；

确认科学交流是科学进步与社会发展的基础；

认识到气候变化、生物多样性丧失、公共卫生、粮食安全、能源转型、灾害风险以及新兴技术治理等挑战错综复杂、相互关联、跨越国界，需要持续、开放的国际合作；

考虑到国际社会正在筹备新的全球可持续发展议程，该议程以《2030年可持续发展议程》及相关工作为基础，无论是采用超越国内生产总值的评价指标，还是促进人类发展，都需要从基础研究到应用研究的全部科学学科提供支撑；

认识到自然科学、社会科学和人文科学产出的知识和证据对支撑决策制定与政策落地至关重要；

申明开放、包容、合作和相互尊重是科学进步的根本；

关切在科技与社会快速变革的时代，地缘格局变动、科学资源获取不平等、科学能力差距以及合作壁垒，正在让全球科学体系承受压力；

认识到人工智能（AI）为科研带来重大机遇，同时也对科研诚信、知识可靠性、数据治理、问责机制、公众信任与生态环境带来风险，并正在改变科学发展的节奏与范式，对科研人员以及作为公共产品的知识产生影响，且很大程度上被全球人工智能相关讨论所忽视；

认可国际科学理事会（ISC）及其成员一直在搭建合作平台，发挥桥梁作用，推动全球科学家紧密协作。

我们作出如下行动承诺，并呼吁更广泛的国际社会同我们一道：

一、维护开放、包容、合作的全球科学体系

1.鉴于世界不同地区全球科研网络和共享科研基础设施方面存在显著差距，推动公平的能力共建，强化所有研究机构建设，确保发展中地区不只是数据采集地，更是数据分析的共同主导者和知识产权的共同归属方。

2.壮大全球科研网络，促进人员流动与科研基础设施共享，联通各国、各学科与各机构。

3.启动关于公平分担经费负担的讨论，以纠正在国际研究中存在的严重不平等关系。

4.维护科学自由和学术自由，包括科研人员不受歧视、不受不当干预开展国际合作的权利，同时科研人员有遵守科研诚信和伦理规范的责任，自由与责任相辅相成。

5.推进开放科学和开放数据，公平共享知识和资源，尤其注重发展中地区的能力建设，不让任何国家、任何群体掉队。

6.依托科学合作、科学外交和多边伙伴关系，在全球范围内增进相互理解、信任和团结，维护全球开放生态系统，同时避免造成体系负担或进一步加剧区域差距。

二、发展负责任的人工智能，应对全球共同挑战

7.制定科学研究中人工智能使用的共同规范，适配不同学科特点，明确合理使用边界，保障研究的真实性、可重复性、可验证性、互操作性和可追溯性，确保贡献得到应有的认可。

8.确保科学研究中人工智能使用服务于人类福祉、可持续发展和公共利益，不加剧全球分歧，不制造新的数字鸿沟。

9.将知识生产中负责任地使用人工智能视为一项核心社会议题，制定共同规则、伦理原则和治理模式，保障人工智能安全、公平、透明、可解释、可问责、不歧视并尊重多样性，以积极方式增强人类科研能力，防范其被滥用。

10.以科学证据为基础开展人工智能治理，从起步阶段就吸纳社会科学参与，兼顾技术层面影响以及社会、经济、环境、文化、心理与伦理层面的影响。

11.通过能力建设、知识共享、人才培养、互学互鉴和交流，扩大人工智能领域的国际合作。

三、以信任和公众参与加强科学与社会的联系

12.加强科学传播、科学教育和公众参与科学，开展多利益相关方持续对话，让科学成为全民共同事业，保障弱势个体、社区与群体的声音得到倾听，在全球范围内提升科学素养。

13.通过透明、尽责的实践赢得并维系公众信任：恪守科研诚信，客观传递科学不确定性，明确区分客观事实、科学判断与价值选择，公开、负责任地参与公共讨论与公共决策。

14.联合媒体、科普作者、教育工作者、社群领袖、艺术家、创作者以及社会各界力量，推动科学知识普惠大众，转化为改善民生的实际行动。

四、携手共创未来

15.确保科学系统性、持续性、制度化地参与全球议程设置与公共政策制定，为青年科研人员提供参与渠道，助力科学家参与新的全球可持续发展议程的设计、实施与评估。

16.联合政府、企业、社会与广大公众，共同设计、开发、落地各类解决方案。

17.审慎审视和改革全球科研评价、衡量指标与奖励体系，使其更加聚焦科研质量，而非过度强调职业晋升与个人绩效指标。

18.赋予所有学科和知识体系、所有文化和区域切实的发言权，以减少不平等，使所有人能够参与科学并从中受益。

我们承诺支持并增进科学中的开放、合作、自由、责任和诚信，致力于建设一个公平、包容、服务人类和地球、受社会信任并为政策提供支撑的全球科学体系。在现有工作基础上，我们将以本宣言为新的起点，进一步加强科学作为国家、社会和人民之间桥梁的作用，促进全球团结，构建人类命运共同体，践行我们对全球福祉、和平、韧性和可持续发展的共同承诺。

Beijing Science DeclarationScience in a Complex World – Science for a Better Future

Beijing, China, October 2026

We, scientists, leaders of scientific organizations, representatives of governments, youth networks and other stakeholders from around the world, gathered at the Beijing Science Dialogue,

Reaffirming the right of everyone to take part in science, the importance of equitable knowledge production and access to scientific knowledge, and the benefits of scientific progress without discrimination; 

Aware that science is an integral part of society, and that misinformation and disinformation can erode public trust and weaken the use of evidence in public decisions; 

Reaffirming that science is a common endeavor of humanity to understand the world, improve the well-being of people and the planet and address global challenges, and that its benefits are a common public good to be shared by all;

Acknowledging that scientific exchange is the foundation of scientific and societal progress;

Recognizing that challenges such as climate change, biodiversity loss, access to health services, food security, the energy transition, disaster risk and the governance of emerging technologies are complex, interconnected, cross national borders and require sustained, open international cooperation;

Mindful that the international community is preparing a new global agenda for sustainability that builds on the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and related efforts, such as moving beyond GDP and advancing human development requiring the full breadth of scientific disciplines from fundamental to applied research, 

Recognizing that knowledge and evidence generated across the natural, social and human sciences are essential to informing decision-making and policy implementation. 

Affirming that openness, inclusiveness, cooperation and mutual respect are fundamental to scientific progress; 

Concerned that geopolitical shifts, unequal access to scientific resources, gaps in scientific capacity and barriers to cooperation are straining the global science system at a time of rapid scientific, technological and societal change;

Recognizing that artificial intelligence (AI) brings major opportunities for research but also risks to research integrity, the reliability of knowledge, data governance, accountability, public trust and the environment, and is changing the pace and paradigm of science itself, with consequences for researchers and for knowledge as a public good that global debates on AI have largely overlooked; 

Acknowledging that the International Science Council (ISC) and its Members have been building cooperation platforms and acting as bridges to bring scientists from around the world to work closely together; 

Commit to the following actions and call on the broader international community to join us in: 

I. Safeguarding an open, inclusive and cooperative global science system 

1.In view of the considerable divide between global research networks and shared research infrastructure between different regions of the world, promote equitable capacity sharing and strengthening of all research institutions, ensuring that developing regions are not merely sites for data collection, but co-leaders in data analysis and intellectual property ownership.

2.Strengthen global research networks, facilitate mobility and shared research infrastructure, that connect countries, disciplines and institutions.

3.Launch discussions about equitable sharing of the financial load with a view of redressing the highly unequal nature of relations which characterize international research.

4.Uphold scientific and academic freedom, including the right of researchers to cooperate internationally without discrimination or undue interference, together with their responsibility to respect research integrity and ethical norms, as freedom and responsibility reinforce each other.

5.Advance open science and open data, and share knowledge and resources equitably, with particular attention to building capacity in developing regions, so that no country or group is left behind.

6.Use scientific cooperation, science diplomacy, multilateral partnerships to build mutual understanding, trust, and solidarity globally and sustain global open ecosystems without straining them or further deepening regional divides.

II. Advancing responsible AI for shared global challenges

7.Set shared norms for AI in science, adapted to various disciplines, that define its appropriate use and protect the authenticity, reproducibility, verifiability, interoperability, and traceability of research, and ensuring that credit is given where it is due.

8.Ensure that AI in science serves human well-being, sustainable development and public interest, and does not deepen global divisions or create new digital divides.

9.Treat the responsible use of AI in producing knowledge as a core question for society, and develop shared rules, ethical principles and governance models that make AI safe, fair, transparent, explainable, accountable, non-discriminatory and respectful of diversity, and that will strengthen human scientific capacity in a positive way and safeguard against its abuse.

10.Base AI governance on scientific evidence, with the social sciences involved from the outset, so that it addresses social, economic, environmental, cultural, psychological and ethical effects as well as technical ones.

11.Expand international cooperation on AI through capacity-building, knowledge sharing, talent development, mutual learning and exchange.

III. Strengthening science-society links through trust and participation

12.Strengthen science communication, education and public engagement, including sustained multistakeholder dialogue, so that science becomes a shared endeavor in which the voices of marginalized individuals, communities and populations are also heard, and promote science literacy on a global scale. 

13.Earn and retain public trust through transparent and accountable practices: uphold research integrity, communicate uncertainty, distinguish clearly between facts, scientific judgments and value choices, and take part openly and responsibly in public debate and decision-making.

14.Work with media, science writers, educators, community leaders, artists, storytellers and all parts of society so that scientific knowledge reaches everyone and leads to action that improves people's lives.  

IV. Shaping the future together

15.Secure a systemic, sustained and institutionalized place for science in global agenda-setting and public policy-making, with opportunities for early-career scientists to contribute, so that scientists can help design, implement and evaluate new global agendas for sustainability.

16.Co-design, co-develop and co-deliver solutions with governments, businesses, civil society and the public.

17.Critically examine and reform global research assessment, metrics and reward systems to focus on the quality of research rather than overemphasizing career advancement and individual performance metrics. 

18.Give meaningful voice to all disciplines and knowledge systems, and all cultures and regions  to reduce inequalities and enable all to participate in and benefit from science.

We commit to support and enhance openness, cooperation, freedom, responsibility and integrity in science, and to a global science system that is equitable and inclusive, serves people and the planet, is trusted by society, and informs policy. Building on work already under way, we will use this Declaration to strengthen science as a bridge between countries, societies and peoples, fostering global solidarity and collective stewardship for humanity's shared future, and advancing our shared commitment to global wellbeing, peace, resilience and sustainable development.

转载自中国科协之声微信公众号。

原文链接：https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/Cz4eINzWah3aCMNmCgU45g            https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/njRWsTN1bqSU3zGLLS2YWg

一审：梅丹洋，二审：赵苗苗，三审：杨保华